Device adapted to diminish the wear of parts of certain elastic tires.



H. PATAUD, DEGD. M. L. M. J. PATAUD, NEB DESALLES, nnmnss IN TRUST. DEVICE ADAPTED TO DIMINISH THE WEAR 0F PARTS OF CERTAIN ELASTIC TIRES. APPLICATION rum) APB..18,1912.

1,127,803. Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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WITNESSES,

ATT'X THE NORRIS PETERS c0. PHOTD-LITHQ, WASHINC TON. D. c.

HrPATAUD, DEGD. M. L. M. J. PATAUD, NfiB DESALLES, HEIRESS IN TRUST. DEVICE ADAPTED T0 DIMINISH THE WEAR OF'PARTS "6P CERTAIN ELASTIC TIRES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.18, 1912.

LIQ'LBOB, Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

4SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E5555 Jari PW@,M., fimb I q j J M... am g m ww/afluw I V ATTY "HE NORRIS PETERS 60., PHQTOLITHOU WASHINGTON. 1v c.

H. PATAUD, DEOD.

m. L. M. J. PATAUD, NEE DESALLES, HEIBESS IN TEUSTE DEVICE ADAPTED T0 DIMINISH TEE WEAR 0F PARTS OF CERTAIN ELASTIC TIRES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.1B, 1912; l,1%7,803, Patented Feb.9, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

' \p FIGJL WITNESSES,

THE NORRIS PETERS 60., PHOTO-LIT 0 Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET &.

H PATAUD, DECD M.-L. m. J. PATAUD, NfiEVDESALLES, mums IN TRUST. DEVICE ADAPTED TO DIMINISH THE WEAR 0F PARTS OF CERTAIN ELASTIC TIRES.

APPLIQATION TILED APR. 18, 1912.

t mzlu HE NORRIS PETERS COH'PHOTO-LITHO, WASHVNQ mm. D c.

"' rolling STATES PATENT ormc.

HENRI PATAUD, DECEASED, LATE 0F PARIS, FRANCE; BY MARIE LOUISE MELANIE JOSEPHINE PATAUD, NEE DE SALLES,-OF PARIS, FRANCE, I-IEIRESS IN TRUST.

DEVICE ADAPTED T0 DIMINISI-I THE WEAR OF PARTS OF CERTAIN ELASTIC TIRES.

Application filed April 18, 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that HENRI PATAUD, late a citizen of the Republic of France and a resident of 15 Rue de la Federation, Paris, France, but now deceased, did invent certain new and useful Improvements in De vices Adapted to Diminish the 'Wear of the Parts of Certain Elastic Tires, (for which a patent has been obtained in France on August el, 1911, under No. 430,190,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to elastic tires for vehicle wheels of the type in which the flexibility is derived from an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the periphery of the wheel and it has for its object to diminish the slackening of the chain which results from the rapid wear of certain parts, by substituting wherever it is possible rolling displacement to sliding displacement.

lVith this object in view the invention consists on the one hand in forming and mounting certain links of the chain in such a manner that all the displacements of the links with relation to their pins or to their adjacent links result in a rolling motion and on the other hand the invention consists of a system of mounting the chain on the wheel in such a manner that all relative displacements of the parts be transformed to a displacement of the parts supporting the chain with relation to the fixed rim and that these displacements be produced only by without sliding or in such a manner that if some ofthe displacements by sliding exist, the contact pressure of the parts that support it may be as weak as desired and the wear resulting from this frictional sliding does not atfect the tensions of the chain.

In the accompanying drawings given by way of example: Figures 1, 2, 3 and e are diagrams of the equilibrium positions of the new link. Fig. 5 is the diagram of the dis placements of the different links of the arrangement according to the invention. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the necessity of giving to certain links the particular forms illustrated. Fig. 7 is a mounting diagram of similar the mounting system according to the invention but which do not produce the same result. Fig. 8 shows a type of pin support affording a rotation for a sliding of said Specification of Letters Patent.

parts to those employed in.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915. Serial No. 691,734.

part with relation to the fixed rim. Fig. 9 shows a type of pin support affording displacements by rolling of said support with relation to the fixed rim. Figs. 10 and 11 show a type of pin support affording displacements by rolling with a guiding of the movable part. Figs. 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 are diagrams of different ways of realizing the invention. Fig. 17 shows a fraction of a tire embodying the devices forming the object of the invention.

The devices forming the object of the inventlon are combined as stated so as to diminish these wearings by substituting as far as possible rolling displacements to sliding displacements.

The device according to the invention is to assure the displacement of the link 7 on the pins 6 and (Z or inversely by a double rolling. It is remarkable by the fact that the links f are formed in such a manner that the surfaces on which the pins 5 and d are to roll shall be diametrical opposed arcs of a same circle. Besides, the pins 6 and d that bear merely on said arcs are prevented from turning with relation to the parts a and 0 respectively by being keyed for in stance on said parts and finally the supports a are arranged so as not to receive any effort but by means of the pins 6 and (Z. It will indeed be shown that the combination of these three means is necessary and sufiicient to obtain the double rolling searched. for.

I will first examine the conditions for the equilibrium of a link 7 entirely round or having two concentric circular bearings, as the one illustrated in Fig. 5, according to the actions and reactions to which it is submitted. An exterior effort may be applied either to one of the pins 6 or (Z, either or both, or to 7. Any efi'ort transmitted from the pins to the link ,7 or inversely is transmitted according to the common normal line to the circles of the cross sections of said 3;

two parts.

If the effort F (Fig. 1) is applied to cl, the reaction F occurs at b, and if no force is applied directly to 7", all the positions of stable equilibrium of the system will be of the kind of that illustrated in Fig. 1 in which the action and reaction are equal and opposed on the direction of a common normal line to the three circumferences. N position indeed, the system is statically in n t is equilibrium since a is submitted to we as and opposed forces and this equilibrium is stable, because if said pins abandon theirequilibri nn position' under the action of ad-.

s actions to band d or inversely, the position illustrated in Fig. 3 will be an equilibrium position, on the condition that, as in the case of the figure, the resultant .F ofthe reactions of the pins on the circle is directly opposed tothe action. Finally, the posi tion illustrated in Fig. 4 isnot an equilibrium position in this casesince it would be necessary that the reactions F be in-' finite. Even if the pins Z) and (Z are mechanically connected togetherso as not to be able t'o approach one, the other, the equilibrium position will be of the kind illustrated in Fig. 3, but extremelyclose to that of Fig. 4. This being admitted, consider a link f Fig. 5) comprising two bearing portions diametrically, opposed and situated in a same circumference, this link being mount ed on the two pins b and cl in the conditions above" stated, and suppose that the effort 2? is applied on the part a which connects the two adjacent pins d, The system will then assume the position b .cZ cand the effort 2 will betran'smittedby halves to each of the pins (Z. The, effort P applied to one of the pins (Z will be decomposed in two, the one P annulled by the part to and by the symmetrical effortv of the other pin (11, and the other P? normal with the circleof the link ff The system being in equilibrium and the elfort being applied to (Z, without a force being applied directly to the link 7, the circumference of the cross section of the pin b will be tangentto the interior circle i of f on point diametrically opposed to the contactp'oint era and of said circle, and the reaction Z) on the circle f. will be Qdirected according to ,the normal line common to bothcircles; This reactionwill be decomposedin two, the one Q provided by the tensionof the chain and the wother Q; pro-' vided by the reaction of the support a. It

' will now be shown that the system 6 f cl may come to thisnew; position '6 7 cl by simultaneous rolling of, the pins. 6 and d on the bearingsurfaces of the link 7. This way of displacement meeting with aresistance whichv is infinitely lessthan the one ofslid-i ing, it is obvious vthat .it will be that one which will place. For that purpose, .it Wlll, be shown; that the rnovement which brlngs the partsb 7 d to the positions I) 7'' d may be decomposed into two rolling motions, one of b on f and the other of d on f and that these two rolling motions may be produced simultaneously. Now, these I two movements may be produced simultaneously since they assure rotations of the link fin the same direction and their superposition brings the parts I) d to b 7" cl.

Theicombination ofv means above stated is necessary and if all these means are not employed simultaneously, the double rolling can not be produced. Indeed, if the two bearing surfaces of f are not in a same circle, the normal lines to the points of contact withthe parts I), and Z (Fig. 6) will not always be in the prolongation one of the other, and there will be no equilibrium after a certainrolling, since the forces P and Q will tend to place themselves in the pro longation one of the other andvthe parts will assumetheir, equilibrium position by sliding. If the pins can turn with relation to the parts a and 0, there is rotation by sliding with relation to said parts. It is also obvious that said pins must only be resting: on the bearings of the link To show thenecessity of the relative positions statedit willbe supposed that the linkwith .two concentric circular bearing surfaces, in-

stead ofrepla'cing thelink will replace any of the parts a and c, as illustratedin the second hypothesis in Fig. )7; the-effort being applied to the link itself and the reactions to the pins, the stable, equilibrium position will be that of the kind shown in Fig. 3. Now it may be seen in the figure that the displacement of thepart u determines. rotations of the pins band (I in directions oppositeone the other. If said pins roll on the two bearings of the vpart u, the latter will be at a and thepins at d. l/Vell this is not an, equilibrium position, sinceth'e resultant of the reactions of the pins on the circle is in the direction of the force. Therefore the part to will assume by sliding an equilibrium position It, the pins coming at cl. In the practice, this sliding and the rotations take place simultaneously by infinitely smallvalues and can be assimilated toa rotation by sliding ofthe pins in one point of their bearing surface on the part it.

It will is to say chains satisfying the first of the conditions inquired for a doublev rolling;

but it will be shown that the two othercon ditions ,hereabove mentioned. have never been realized simultaneously with these chains, and that consequently, the use of chains of this kind has never permitted to realizeathe, advantages aimedby the invention. Indeed, a link of such a chain is mounted .eithercon twoipins or ontwo links;

if the'e'fi'ort or the reaction is applied to the pin or to the adjacent link, the latter will turn with relation to the link considered which remains stationary; therefore one of the conditions is not fulfilled if the effort or the reactions is applied to the link itself, which is the case just examined in which the relative position of the parts are bad and where no rolling can take place. Thus, the chains with round links do not avoid the displacement by sliding in the various applications where they are employed.

The principle of the improvements that will now be described consists in replacing the displacement of the chain with relation to its supports by a displacement of the sup ports with relation. to the fixed rim, only one of said supports being invariably secured to said rim. i

A first improvement, Fig. 8, consists in mounting the pins 2) fixedly in supports m capable of oscillating about pins 7v mounted all on an. iron circle it secured to the wheel, which facilitates the movement of the pins 6 but determines a rapid wear ofthe bearing surfaces of the supports in on their pins and of the pins ll: themselves.

Fig. 9 represents a mounting system in which the displacements of the supports with relation to the circle h are entirely ob tained by rolling without sliding. In this system, the pins bare fixed with relation to a support which only rests on the rim upon the circle 72. or upon an intermediate part. Said support 9 is kept in a radial position by the stretched chain and transversely by locating itself for instance just between the two hooks of the rim.

To enable the support 9 to roll on the circle h when the pin Z comes to b" it is only necessary that the curves of the cross sections of the bearing surface of g and of the circle it have not the same radius of curvature. In the example illustrated in Fig. 9, the cross section of the support 9 is a circle and the center of the pin 7) coincides with the center of said circle. When this last condition is realized, the action of the support 9 on the iron circle is always directed according to the normal line N common to both curves of the cross sections and the two surfaces roll one on the other when 6 comes to Z) without any sliding movement taking place.

If the center of the pin Z) does not coincide with the center of the circle of cross section of the support 9, Fig 10, or if the support g has, as cross section for its bearing surface, any other curve than a circle, the effort exerted between the bearing surfaces of the support 9 and of the circle it is no more directed according to the normal line common to two curves of the cross sections of the bearing surfaces and results there fore in a component F which tends to cause the two surfaces to slide one on the other in antagonism with the adhesion effort of both surfaces. To be certain, however, that the displacement is still produced by rolling in this case, it will onlybe necessary to force one point of the support 9 to move along a curve of such a form that the only possible movement between 9 and it be a rolling movement. This curve will be the roulette of the curve of the cross section of g with relation to the curve of the cross section of It taken from a certain point of the support 9 for instance with relation to the end of the heel. forming the bearing surface of 9 upon it. This is the case that has been illustrated in Fig. 11 in which said wheel is comprised between two parts Z and Z having as cross sections the roulettes described by its two-ends and assuring consequently the rolling in the two directions. In this case, the component F of the sliding movement when it has a higher value than that of the adhesion between the support g and the circle it, is destroyed by the permanent bearing of the end of the heel of g against the guide part. This bearing determines a frictional sliding during the displacement of the support 9, but the intensity of this frictional sliding may take the value desired because the more the curve of the cross section of g approaches the circular form and the more the center of 7) approaches the center of this circle, the more the component of said frictional slid ing diminishes until been observed when these two conditions are realized simultaneously. Besides the wear resulting from said frictional sliding has no influence on the tension of the chain since it does not diminish the l'ieight of the bearing of the pins 7); If guiding parts Z Z are provided'for the device, the bearing surfaces of the support 7 and of the circle 7i may assume the different forms diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 19. to 16.

A complete element of the elastic chain tire embodying the two devices which form the object of the present invention will then be constituted as illustrated in Fig. 17. The supports G are placed upon the fiat rim H of the wheel and guided by two parts L L made solid with. the rim. The curve of the cross section of said parts L L is traced as stated above and the latter are ended by a nose adapted to limit the amplitude of the possible oscillation. To give to the chain the tension required, the supports G carry parts 3 in which are fixed the pins B. These parts 3 fit exactly over the upper end of the supports (i. and the height required for the pins B is controlled by inserting wedges Z between the supports G and the parts S. The links F bear against the pins B by one of their bearin surfaces and by the other against the pins D made solid with the parts C which support the efforts. In this system of mounting, all the conditions above set it becomes null as it has I I one referred to as resulting in a considerable diminution of; the wear. Y

The;tread as illustrat din Fig; 17 con: sists of asecond chainstretched at the same ti ineas the first, its s lppQrts corresponding to the suspended, points. of the. first. This second chain maybe advantageously made in a similar manner to that described for the main chain, 1 that isto say may comprise linkisP similar to the links ,F and arranged between/the parts C, and Q; These parts which form the elements of the treadare shown provided with projections or rivetsN.

Having now described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by LettersPatent is: I 1

la An elastic tire for Wheels of vehicles of the kind in which thefleXibility is derived from an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the periphery ofv the wheel, comprising in combination a fixed rim supports. arranged on said rim, pins carriedby said supports, chainlinks having two bearingsurfaces the cross.:section of which appears astwo diametrically opposed arcsof a same circle; and a tread connected to saidchain links, substantially as described and for thepurposesetforth. I 2., An elastic tire for wheels of vehiclesof the kind in which the flexibility is derived fi'om an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the periphery of the" wheel, comprising in combination a fixed rim, supports pivoted tosaid rim,,pins carried by said supports, chain links having two bearing surfaces the crossqsection of whicliappears as two diametrically opposed arcs of a same circle, and a tread connected to said chain links, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

3. An elastic tire for wheels of vehicles of the kind in which the flexibility is deriyed from, an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the periphery of, the wheel, comprising in, combination a fixed rim, supports arrangedon said rim, pins carried by said supports, chain links, having: two bearing surfaces the cross section of which appears as two diametrically opposed arcs of a same circle, and which bearing surfaces are adapted to roll about. sai'd pins, intermediate parts inserted between said chainv links and provided with pins, and a tread connected to said intermediate parts, substantially as describedand for the purpose set forth.

'4. Anelastic tirefor wheels of vehicles of theki'nd inwhichthe flexibility is derived from anendless chain-which is-stretched cir? cumferentially "on the periphery of the wheel, comprising in combination a fixed rim, supports having a bearing surface formed of an;- are. of acirl'eQrestin'Qg allloosely on said rim, except one which is said supports, chain links having twonbearing surfaces the cross section of wh ch is formed by two diametrically opposed arcs of a same circle and a tread connected to said chain links, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

elastid re for Wheels of vehicles or the kind inwhich the flexibility is derived from an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the periphery of the wheel,-comprising in combination a ,fiXed rim; supports resting loosely on said rim and having a bearing surface the cross section of which is formed by a curve having a different radius" of curvature than the one of the rim, one of said supports being fixed to said rim, pins carried fixedly by said supports-chain links having two bearing surfaces the cross section of which appears I as twodiametric'ally opposed arcs of a same circle, intermediate parts inserted between 'said' chain links and provided with pins made solid with said parts, and a treadcoiinected to'said intermediate parts, substantially as described and for'the purpose set forth.-

6. An elastic tire for wheels of vehicles of the kind in which the flexibility is derived from an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the peripheryof wheel, comprising in combination a fixed rim, upports resting loosely on said rim and having a bearing'surface the cross seetion of which is formed by a circlehaving a "diflerent radius than the one of the Hill.

one of said supports "being fiXed to said rim, pins carried fixedly by said supports, chainlinks having two bearing surfaces the cross section of which appears as two diametrically opposed arcs of a same circle,

and a tread connected to said chainlinks,

pose setforth. o

7. elastic tirefor wheels of vehicles of from an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the periphery of the wheel comprising in combination afixed rim, supports resting loosely on said rim substantially as described and for the purand having a bearing surface the cross section ofwhich appears as a curve having a different radius of curvature than thefone of the rim, one of said supports being fixed to said rim,' 'pins carried fixedly by said supports, guiding parts formed in the rim and having as cross section the roulettes described by the ends of the curved part formed in the supports, chain links'having two bearing surfaces the cross section of which appears as two diametrically 'opposed arcs of a same circle, and a tread,

connected to said chain link, substantially as-described and fo'r'the purpose set forth. 8. An elastic tire for wheels of vehicles of 116 thekind in which the flexibility is derived the kind in which the flexibility is derived from an endless chain which is stretched circumferentially on the periphery of the Wheel, comprising in combination a fixed rim, supports resting on said rim and having a bearing surface the cross section of which appears as a curve having a different radius of curvature than the one of the rim, one of said supports being fixed to said rim, adjustable parts mounted on said supports, pins carried fixedly by said adjustable parts, guiding parts formed in the rim and having as cross section the roulettes described by the ends of the curved part Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each,

Witnesses LEN PATAUD, ANTOINE LAVOIX.

by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

